Men and Boys in Sanitation and Hygiene: A Desk-Based Review

Abstract

This desk review explores existing literature and examples of men’s and boys’ behaviours and gender roles in sanitation and hygiene (S&H) and the extent to which the engagement of men and boys in S&H processes is leading to sustainable and transformative change in households and communities. We developed an analytical framework for the review clustered around 3 areas: with men as objects to change, agents of change and partners for change. Within these areas we developed six themes for analysis: (1) men’s and boys’ S&H practices and behaviours, (2) S&H campaigns aimed at men and boys, (3) men’s engagement in S&H processes, (4) strategies focused on roles and responsibilities in S&H, (5) strategies for men as partners for change, and (6) transformation change for gender equality.