The Question of Inclusiveness: A think piece for the Making All Voices Count programme

This think piece draws from a desk review of experience in ICT-mediated citizen engagement, and an exchange of ideas in an e-dialogue between practitioners and scholars in late January 2014. The review takes in scholarly work and grey literature (including, in some cases, ideas expressed in blogs) on patterns of differential access to ICTs in developing countries, lessons emerging from the previous and latest generation of ICT mediated citizen engagement initiatives (such as e-government services and citizen reporting projects) and insights from non-tech-based accountability and transparency interventions.