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SSHAP In-Focus: COVID-19, Uncertainty, Vulnerability and Recovery in India || કોવિડ-19, અનિશ્ચિતતા, અસહાયતા અને ભારતમાં પુનરુત્થાન (રિકવરી) || इन-फोकस (एक झलक): कोविड-19, भारत में अनिश्चितता, वल्नरबिलीटी और रिकवरी

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posted on 2024-09-05, 20:46 authored by Justin Pickard, Shilpi Srivastava, Mihir R. Bhatt, Lyla Mehta
This paper addresses COVID-19 in India, looking at how the interplay of inequality, vulnerability, and the pandemic has compounded uncertainties for poor and marginalised groups, leading to insecurity, stigma and a severe loss of livelihoods. A strict government lockdown destroyed the incomes of farmers and urban informal workers and triggered an exodus of migrant workers from Indian cities, a mass movement which placed additional pressures on the country's rural communities. Elsewhere in the country, lockdown restrictions and pandemic response have coincided with heatwaves, floods and cyclones, impeding disaster response and relief. At the same time, the pandemic has been politicised to target minority groups (such as Muslims, Dalits), suppress dissent, and undermine constitutional values. The paper focuses on how COVID-19 has intersected with and multiplied existing uncertainties faced by different vulnerable groups and communities in India who have remained largely invisible in India's development story. With the biggest challenge for government now being to mitigate the further fall of millions of people into extreme poverty, the brief also reflects on pathways for recovery and transformation, including opportunities for rural revival, inclusive welfare, and community response. This brief is based on a review of existing published and grey literature, and 23 interviews with experts and practitioners from 12 states in India, including representation from domestic and international NGOs, and local civil society organisations. It was developed for the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) by Justin Pickard, Shilpi Srivastava, Lyla Mehta (IDS), and Mihir R. Bhatt. Some of the cases draw on ongoing research of the TAPESTRY project, which explores bottom-up transformations in marginal environments across India and Bangladesh.

ભારતમાં અસમાનતા, અસહાયતા અને કોરોના મહામારીના સંયોજનને પરિણામે ગરીબો અને સીમાન્તીકૃત જૂથો (vulnerable communities) માટે અનિશ્ચિતતા વધી છે, પરિણામે અસલામતી, કલંક (stigma) અને જીવનનિર્વાહમાં ભારે હાનિ ઊભાં થયાં છે. સરકારના કડક લોકડાઉનને લીધે ખેડૂતોએ અને શહેરોના અસંગઠિત કામદારોએ આવક ગુમાવી તેમ જ ભારતનાં શહેરોમાંથી સ્થળાંતરિત કામદારોની હિજરત પણ ઉદ્ભવી. દેશમાં અન્ય સ્થાનોએ લોકડાઉનનાં નિયંત્રણોની સાથે સાથે ગરમીનું મોજું, પૂર અને વાવાઝોડાં આવવાને લીધે આપત્તિ સામેના મજબૂત પ્રતિભાવમાં અવરોધો ઊભા કર્યા. સાથે સાથે કોરોના મહામારીનું લઘુમતીઓને લક્ષ્યાંક બનાવવા માટે, અસંમતિને દબાવવા માટે અને બંધારણીય મૂલ્યોને નજરઅંદાજ કરવા માટે રાજકીયકરણ પણ થયું.||Please note: there are accompanying infographics summarising the key points from the briefing in English, Gujurati and Hindi.

भारत में असमानता, असुरक्षा और कोविड-19 महामारी के परस्पर मिले जुले प्रभाव ने गरीब और सुभैद्य समूहों (vulnerable communities) के लिए अनिश्चितताएं बढ़ा दी हैं । इससे असुरक्षा की भावना, लांछन (stigma) लगा और आजीविका का बहुत अधिक नुकसान हुआ है । एक सख्त सरकारी लॉकडाउन ने किसानों और शहरी अनौपचारिक अनियमित कामगारों की आय को समाप्त कर दिया । ‌भारत के शहरों से प्रवासी मजदूरों का पलायन शुरू हो गया । देश में लॉकडाउन प्रतिबंध, लू, बाढ़ और चक्रवातों के साथ शुरू हुआ था जिससे आपदा प्रबंधन और राहत कार्यो में भी बाधा उत्पन्न हुई । इसके साथ ही अल्पसंख्यकों को निशाना बनाने, असहमति को दबाने और संवैधानिक दायित्वों या मूल्यों को कमजोर करने के लिए इस महामारी का राजनीतिकरण भी हुआ है

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Pickard, J., Srivastava, S., Bhatt, M. and Mehta, L. (2020) In-focus: કોવિડ-19, અનિશ્ચિતતા, અસહાયતા અને ભારતમાં પુનરુત્થાન (રિકવરી) Brighton: Social Science in Humanitarian Action (SSHAP) DOI: 10.19088/SSHAP.2021.011 Pickard, J.; Srivastava, S., Bhatt, M. and Mehta, L. (2020) ‘In-Focus: COVID-19, Uncertainty, Vulnerability and Recovery in India', Brighton: Social Science in Humanitarian Action (SSHAP) सुझाएगएप्रशवस्तपत्र: वपककाडग, जे., श्रीिास्ति, एस., भट्ट, एम.औरमेहता, एल.(2020)इन-फोकस: COVID-19, अवनवितता, भेद्यताऔरभारतमेंिसूली', िाइटन: सोशीयलसायन्सइनह्युमेनीटेरीयनएक्शन(SSHAP) DOI: 10.19088/SSHAP.2021.010

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en

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