Graduation After 10 years of Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Programme: Surviving But Still Not Thriving

Motivation: Many social protection programmes aspire to graduate poor people out of poverty. While some successfully ensure food security and survival for the poorest, few have moved large numbers of people sustainably out of poverty and into productive livelihood opportunities. Purpose: This article aims to understand better the challenges to sustainable graduation out of poverty, and why graduation has been so difficult to achieve in many social protection programmes.