Labour allocation in smallholder agriculture in the Shamva District: a household economic approach

Studies on agrarian transformation under the impact of wider economic force in small economies have tended towards one of two interpretations. The first is that agricultural mechanisation and commercialisation lead to economic differentiation within the rural population creating two classes: a small land owning class and an increasingly marginalised one. In addition to this process rural populations find themselves being rapidly displaced as many individual are forced to look for work outside agriculture. The second view emphasize the importance of understanding persisting forms of organisation such as the family farm, which uses non-wage household and extra-household labor.

A research paper on how division of labour is allocated in small-scale rural farming plots in Zimbabwe.